Mount Uhud surrounds the plain where Medina-i Münevvere was founded from the north. 8 km. long and 110 m. is in height. Its distance from Masjid an-Nabawi is 5 km.
It got this name because it is located alone and is not connected to any mountain range in the region. Today, Mount Uhud was surrounded by Medina Airport in the east and Tarikuluyun in the west and was included in the developing city.
The Battle of Uhud, one of the important stages of the struggle with the Meccan polytheists, took place here and got its name from here.
Hz. Anas (ra) said:
“The Messenger of Allah (saas) went to Uhud with Abu Bakr, Omar and Osman Radiy-Allâhu anhum being ecmain. Mount Uhud shook with joy. The Messenger of Allah struck Uhud with his foot and called out:
“Be firm, O Uhud! Because you have a prophet, a siddiq, and two martyrs on you.”
In other hadiths, they said:
إن احدا جبل يحبنا ونحبه
“Uhud is a mountain. He loves us, we love him too.
أحد ركن من أركان الجنة
“Uhud is a corner of paradise.” (Etterğîb ve’t terhib v.2, p.223)
The Qurayshis, who had suffered a heavy defeat in the Battle of Badr, marched to Medina one year after Badr with an army of 3000 people they gathered with the feeling of revenge. Our Prophet wanted to stay in Medina and fight in defense. However, upon the insistence of some youths and companions who did not participate in the Battle of Badr, he decided to go to Uhud.
Rasul Ekrem, who came to the skirts of Uhud Mountain with 700 Companions, placed 50 archers on the strategically important Ayneyn (Archers) hill and ordered them not to leave their places, regardless of the course of the war, unless instructions were received from him.
Although the Muslims seemed to be victorious at first, when the archers on Ayneyn Hill left, the polytheists attacked from behind and changed the course of the war.
The war slowed down after the news spread that the Messenger of God had been killed.
As the Muslims retreated to the foothills of Mount Uhud, the polytheists gathered around Abu Sufyan. Thus the two armies separated and the war ended. (3/625)
In this very hard battle, the tooth of the Messenger of Allah was broken, and his lip and cheek were injured.
Also, among them Mr. 70 Companions, including Hamza, were martyred.
Our Prophet buried all the martyrs in Uhud and performed their prayers.
When the martyrs of Uhud were commemorated, they said, “I swear by Allah, how I would like to be martyred with my companions and spend the night at the foot of Mount Uhud” (Beyhaki, Delâil-i Nubüvve 3.304). Our Prophet (pbuh) would visit the Uhud Martyrdom
from time to time and recite the following verse aloud: (Ra’d, 24) Our Prophet encouraged us to visit the martyrs of Uhud personally and to visit his companions. Our Prophet said at the head of the martyrs of Uhud: “I am a witness that you are alive in the sight of Allah.” Returning to the Companions; “Visit and greet them, I swear by Allah, they will respond to the greeting until the Day of Judgment,” he said.
(Miratu-l Haremeyn, vol.2, p.1026)
The Messenger of Allah once said: “O Allah! It bears witness that your servant and Rasul were martyrs; And whoever visits them and greets them until the Day of Judgment, they will respond to him.” (Beyhaki, 3,307)
After the Prophet, his caliphs also made it a habit to visit this place.
Hz. When our mother Fatima had the opportunity, she sometimes went to Uhud every two or three days, her uncle Hz. He used to visit Hamza’s grave, cry, pray and fix his grave.
Umm Salama (r. Anha), the wife of the Messenger of Allah, used to go here and greet the martyrs.
Sa’d b. When Abu Vakkas (ra) was leaving Medina-i Münevvere, he must be sure of Uhud.
He visits his martyrdom, greets them three times, and then turns to his companions; He used to say, “Wouldn’t you greet a group that will respond to your greeting, that they will respond to those who greet you until the Day of Judgment?”
Some of the graves were transferred to Cennet-ül Baki 46 years later, due to the fact that some of the place where the Uhud Martyrdom is located is close to the flood bed and the canal that meets the water needs of Medina-i Münevvere passes. Some, especially Hamza (ra), stayed here.
During the Umayyads, Omar b. Activities aimed at preserving the memories of our Prophet, which Abdulaziz started during the Governorship of Medina, continued during the Abbasid period as well. Explanatory signs were placed on the area where the Messenger of Allah was wounded and the graves of those who were martyred in Uhud. Domed tombs were built on some graves.
The mother of the Abbasid Caliph Nasser Lidinillah, Hz. He turned Hamza’s tomb into a shrine. In this tomb, St. Besides Hamza, Mus’ab b. Umayr and Abdullah b. Jahsh (ra) has graves. Next to the mausoleum, the masjid, which is known today as “Mescid-i Hamza”, was built.
Suleiman the Magnificent had Meşhad-i Hamza rebuilt in 1543, which had been repaired at various times. On the north side of the martyrdom, a dome called “Kubbetü’senâyâ” was built by Sultan Abdülmecid I in 1849 on the area where the Messenger of God was wounded. In the east of Masjid-i Hamza, Hz. The dome built in the area where Hamza was martyred was also called “Kubbetülmesrâ”. Uhud Martyrdom, where there are no tombs and tombs today, is visited as an area surrounded by a wall.